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Irregular periods
Heavy bleeding
Abnormal hair growth on face and body
Weight gain
Acne
Headaches
Diagnosis
There is no specific test to diagnose the condition of PCOS or PCOD. The gynecologist will initially ask for medical history and will indulge in physical diagnosis. The gynecologist may ask the duration of weight gain, your menstrual periods and other related factors. The tests recommended by the gynecologist are mentioned below. Not all tests are required, the gynecologist will mention the tests required for a particular patient.
- Physical Exams: This is done in order to check the signs of any excess hair growth, excess insulin, and acne.
- Pelvic Exam (in sexually active females): The doctor will examine the reproductive organs of the patient for any abnormalities.
- Blood tests: The gynecologist may suggest checking hormone levels, glucose tolerance, fasting cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
- Ultrasound: Abdominal or Vaginal scan is done to check the appearance of the ovaries and thickness of the lining of the uterus.
- Screening: This involves screening for depression, anxiety, or obstructive sleep apnea.
Treatment
PCOS is required to be treated to cure the conditions of menstrual irregularities, infertility, hirsutism, acne, obesity. The measurements and treatments used for the treatment are:-
- Lifestyle changes: The gynecologist will ask you to develop the habit of exercising daily. Apart from exercising, it is suggested to control the intake of low calorie diets and fluids will help monitor the weight. It can help to lose up to 5% of the body weight. Losing weight will also help with the condition of PCOS and its complications thereof.
- Medications: Birth control pills may be prescribed to decrease androgen production and regulate estrogen. It will help regulate the hormone and will reduce the risk of developing endometrial cancer. It can also help to correct other conditions such as abnormal bleeding, excess hair growth and acne. Progestin Therapy can be used for 10-14 days each month to regulate the period cycle. If you are planning a pregnancy, the gynecologist will suggest to strictly avoid this. To help ovulate better, the gynecologist may recommend taking medicine such as Clomiphene, Letrozole, Metformin, Gonadotropins to reduce the abnormal or excessive hair growth, Birth control pills, Spironolactone, Eflornithine, Electrolysis.
- Low carbohydrates diets: A low carb diet can help to control obesity, maintain sugar and insulin levels.
- Infertility Treatment: If PCOS is the only reason for not being able to get pregnant, fertility drugs are prescribed. IVF is the last option for women with PCOS.
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Facts about PCOS
- Globally, 6-10 percent of women suffer from PCOS.
- In India, 1 out of every 10 women suffers from PCOS.
- 40% of women with PCOS develop diabetes by the time they are 40.
- Many women with PCOS have a regular menstrual cycle, which is why medical professionals do not consider the menstrual cycle as a vital symptom of PCOS.
- Women with PCOS may suffer from eating disorders such as binge eating and anorexia.
- PCOS is the most common reason for ovulatory infertility.
- Although not many women are aware of this, acne is one of the earliest signs of a high level of male hormones in women.
- Staying physically fit is one of the best ways to improve insulin levels in case of PCOS.
- As a woman with PCOS ages, her menstrual cycle is likely to get regular.
- Women with PCOS are at significantly higher risk of miscarriages, stillbirths, and preterm deliveries.
- Women with PCOS are at a higher risk of getting Covid-19.
- Most medical professionals believe that necessary lifestyle and dietary changes are the optimal treatment for PCOS.
- Sleep disturbance is a very common phenomenon in women with PCOS.
- Women with PCOS are twice at risk of suffering from anxiety and depression compared to women who do not have PCOS.
- Not all women with PCOS suffer from a cyst on their ovaries.
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How to get rid of PCOS problem?
By far, there is no known cure or permanent way to get rid of PCOS. However, it can be managed and controlled. An early diagnosis is always helpful, which enables your doctor to formulate a plan curated according to your symptoms, your future plans about pregnancy and present health conditions. Although the condition cannot be permanently treated, it can definitely be managed. Your lifestyle has a lot to do with PCOS. An effective approach to managing PCOS can help you reduce the symptoms and the severity of the condition. Here are the lifestyle habits that you need to take care of to manage your PCOS.- Overweight can impact PCOS to a great extent. Losing extra weight is extremely important as it improves the regularity of periods, improves fertility, and enhances the psychological wellbeing of the woman.
- Women with PCOS should stay physically active. It reduces insulin resistance, keeps away depression and anxiety and boosts self-confidence.
- Limit the intake of carbohydrates. A high-carbohydrate diet may increase the level of insulin in your blood.
Can you get pregnant with PCOS?
There’s no denying that getting pregnant for a woman who has PCOS is tough, but there is hope. Women with PCOS may have to make lifestyle and dietary changes while many others still conceive naturally without having to depend on any fertility drugs. The chances and possibilities differ from case to case. Women with PCOS have a high level of male hormones in their body which makes it difficult for them to ovulate. If ovulation does not take place, there is no chance for the egg to get fertilized by sperm. This is the main reason why it is tough to get pregnant with PCOS. Women with PCOS also suffer from obesity which cuts down their chances of conceiving. But, with medical advances and timely treatment, getting pregnant with PCOS is possible. With proper medical treatment, the chances of a woman getting pregnant with PCOS can increase to 80%. In case fertility drugs and lifestyle changes fail to provide effective results, gynecologists may recommend undergoing IVF treatment for a successful pregnancy. Many women get confused between PCOS and PCOD. In spite of the similarities in terms of hormonal imbalance, both conditions are different from each other. In basic understanding, PCOS is Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and PCOD is Polycystic Ovarian Disease. In PCOS, the ovaries produce a higher level of male hormones than what is needed. As such the woman faces problems in ovulation and suffers from irregular menstruation. The male hormones also interfered with the development of the eggs which are released. In many cases, the eggs turn into cysts which get enlarged with time. In PCOD, the ovaries make male hormones in less amount but release a huge number of immature eggs. The eggs often turn into cysts leading to further complications in the body. However, in both cases, the woman experiences symptoms such as irregular periods, male pattern hair loss, facial hair growth, weight gain etc. The similarity of the symptoms makes it difficult for women to distinguish whether it is PCOS or PCOD. But with the help of a thorough diagnosis by an experienced gynecologist, it can easily be understood if the condition is PCOS or PCOD.Tell us about your problems and we’ll figure out the best treatment option for you.
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Surgicare has taken the latest medical technologies to ensure consistent quality of advanced surgical care in 30 cities of India including Delhi, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, Pune, Jaipur, Nagpur, Bhopal, Patna, Ludhiana, Kanpur, Chandigarh, Bhubaneswar, Lucknow, Indore, Agra, Gwalior, Gurgaon, Noida, Faridabad, Ghaziabad, Ahmedabad, Coimbatore, Kochi, Vizag, Surat, Jammu and Guwahati.